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News - What is polyurethane? What are the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane materials?
Mikufoam is a manufacturer specializing in the production of various foam products

What is polyurethane? What are the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane materials?

What is polyurethane? What are the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane materials?

Since the beginning of industrial production in the 1950s, polyurethane materials (that is, high molecular polymers containing carbamate groups in the main chain of macromolecules – NHCOO) have developed rapidly. Compared with polymer rubber materials, it has its own unique characteristics. It can use different numbers of functional groups and different types of functional groups according to different performance requirements, and use different production processes to produce polyurethane products with different performance and characteristics.

There are also materials that are not in the rubber category, such as foamed plastics, rigid plastic products, coatings, highly resilient synthetic fibers, artificial leather, adhesives, etc.

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Polyurethane materials are currently widely used in various fields, for example, in the aerospace industry, its hard products, soft products and foam products are lighter than metal materials (very important for aircraft), mainly used in aircraft engine covers, speed brakes, antennas Covers, aircraft fuel tank fillers, fuel consumption control carburetor buoys, etc., as well as various support frames and seat cushions for interior decoration, and for insulation in the transportation industry. Seat cushions, home furnishing, and even tires are inseparable from polyurethane products, and the latest development and use of products in automotive shock-absorbing accessories has caused more.

Although there are many types of polyurethane products, its product classification is nothing more than: flexible foam products, rigid products and elastomers.

If the product molding equipment is mixed polyurethane rubber, it is usually solid and can be vulcanized with sulfur, peroxide and polyisocyanate, and can be designed according to the production process and formula of conventional rubber products. In the case of thermoplastic elastomers, it can be processed by injection molding or compression molding. In the case of plastic polyurethane, it can be produced by tape casting.

Taking flexible polyurethane foam products as an example, the production process is usually a two-component liquid reaction molding. That is, one group is the first mixed reaction of polyol polymer and isocyanate, and then the above reactants are mixed with another group including water, foaming agent, stabilizer, catalyst and various auxiliary agents to produce organic aminoformaldehyde Ester. At the same time, reactants such as urea groups use this reaction to generate carbon dioxide, releasing a large amount of heat, and then use catalysts to adjust the foaming speed, and finally complete a uniform foam product.

At present, the automobile manufacturing industry is constantly improving in terms of safety, comfort and durability, and there are high requirements for durability under the high-intensity working conditions of shock-absorbing and damping elastomer parts. A new type of shock absorber made of soft polyurethane foam has appeared in foreign markets, and its physical and mechanical properties and damping effect are slightly better than those of rubber damping accessories.


Post time: Apr-14-2023